中國(guó)金剛石礦資源比較貧乏。全國(guó)只有4個(gè)省產(chǎn)有金剛石礦。探明儲(chǔ)量的礦區(qū)有23處，總保有儲(chǔ)量金剛石礦物4179千克。從地區(qū)分布來(lái)看，主要產(chǎn)于遼寧，其儲(chǔ)量約占全國(guó)的52%；山東蒙陰金剛石礦田次之，占44.5%。在礦床類型方面，我國(guó)金剛石礦以原生礦為主，砂礦(湖南沅江流域、山東沂沭河流域等地砂礦)次之。金剛石礦成礦時(shí)代以古生代和中生代燕山期為主，第四紀(jì)砂礦亦具一定的工業(yè)意義。
到目前為止，世界上發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大天然金剛石叫“庫(kù)利南”，重達(dá)3025.75克拉（5克拉等于1g），1905年在南非發(fā)現(xiàn)。它在加工時(shí)被切成兩大塊和幾十小塊，其中最大的一塊叫“非洲之星1號(hào)”琢磨后的重量為503.2克拉。英國(guó)女王把它鑲嵌在自已的皇冠上。1977年我國(guó)在山東臨沐縣發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆無(wú)色透明，重158.8克拉的金剛石——常林鉆石。
China diamond mine resource is relatively poor. There are only 4 provinces in the province of diamond. Proven reserves of 23, the total reserves of 4179 kg of diamond mineral. From the regional distribution, mainly produced in Liaoning, the reserves accounted for 52% of the country; Shandong Mengyin diamond ore field, accounting for 44.5%. In ore deposit type, the diamond mine of our country mainly to primary ore and alluvial placer (Hunan Yuanjiang River, Shandong Yishu River Basin, etc.). The era of diamond mineralization in Paleozoic and Mesozoic Yanshan period, quaternary placer also has certain industrial significance.
So far, found in the world's largest natural diamond called "Cullinan", weighing 3025.75 carat (5 carat equal to 1 g), discovered in South Africa in 1905. It was cut into two pieces and dozens of pieces, one of the largest of them called "the star of Africa, 1," the weight of 503.2 carat. The queen of England set it on its own crown. China in 1977 in Shandong County, Lin Mu found a colorless and transparent, the 158.8 carat diamond -- Chang Linzhu diamond. |
